User Guide

How To Use
Gas Meter Simulator

Gas Meter Simulator is a training platform for hazmat, fire, and emergency response personnel. It replicates a real multi-gas meter with PID — complete with sensor responses, cross-sensitivities, alarm behaviors, and vapor-density stratification.

App Features

The Home Screen

The home screen presents four entry points. Each is independent — you can use any of them without the others.

Guided Scenarios

Self-paced training on a single device. The app drives the meter automatically through 40 scripted real-world incidents across 10 substance types. No instructor needed.

Sampler

Simulates the trainee experience. The meter display is live and fully interactive. Use this to practice button navigation or connect to a Controller-mode device.

Controller

The instructor control panel. Set sensor readings manually, run quick scenarios, and broadcast live to one or multiple trainee devices.

Training Library

Reference materials: the comprehensive Meter Guide, 14 sensor training modules, and weekly real-world incident scenarios.

App Features

Guided Scenarios

Guided Scenarios is the fastest way to build interpretive skill independently. Each scenario runs from start to finish in under five minutes without any setup.

Selecting a Scenario

The scenario list shows 10 pre-built incidents, each with four variants — 40 total. Each card shows the substance type and a brief description. Tapping a card loads a random variant, so no two runs of the same scenario are identical.

During a Scenario

The meter powers on and boots automatically. Sensor readings then begin changing on their own — rising, holding, or falling according to the scenario script. A progress bar shows elapsed time. Alarm lights flash at the appropriate alarm level: amber for LOW, red for HIGH/STEL/TWA. The YES button silences the alarm and transitions the lights to solid.

Stop and Think Prompts

At key moments the scenario pauses and a prompt appears. The meter shows a set of readings and the operator is asked to interpret them before seeing the answer. Read the question, consider what each sensor is showing and what it is not — absence of a reading is often as diagnostic as a positive reading. Tap Reveal Answer when ready.

Debrief Card

When the scenario ends, a debrief card appears with Key Teaching Points — the most important takeaways from that substance's behavior, including IDLH values, ionization potentials, vapor density, cross-sensitivity patterns, and tactical considerations.

Recommended Run Order: CO Incident and Natural Gas establish the baseline LEL-vs-PID interpretation pattern. H₂S Signature and Hydrogen Leak demonstrate cross-sensitivity false readings. Fuel Vapor and Ammonia introduce response factor thinking. Fire Atmosphere is the most complex — run it last to see CO + HCN synergy, O₂ displacement, and all sensors responding simultaneously.

App Features

Sampler Mode

Sampler mode puts a fully interactive meter on screen. The display, alarm indicators, and physical buttons are all functional.

Solo Use

Without a Controller connected, the meter powers on and sits at normal atmospheric readings. Practice navigating the display: cycle through sensor pages with the MODE button, acknowledge alarms with YES, and explore the interface as you would a real instrument.

Connected to a Controller

When a Controller is running on another nearby device, the Sampler advertises itself and waits. Once the instructor taps the Sampler on the Controller screen to invite it, the Sampler accepts automatically with no action needed from the trainee. The Sampler then displays whatever readings the Controller sends — including live adjustments, quick scenarios, and vapor-density tilt.

Metering Level Report

The Sampler reports its metering level (Low, Mid, Ceiling) back to the Controller so vapor-density tilt can be applied automatically — lighter gases read higher at ceiling, heavier gases read higher at floor level. The Controller uses this to model real atmospheric stratification.

Walking Speed

The Sampler reports walking speed, which the Controller displays as a trainee activity indicator. The Controller uses this to show whether trainees are stationary or moving through the hot zone.

Button Navigation: MODE cycles through sensor display pages. YES acknowledges the current alarm, silences the buzzer, and transitions alarm lights to solid. NO is secondary navigation — behavior varies by display state. Hold MODE enters the instrument menu. Hold NO cycles alarm states in the simulation.

App Features

Controller Mode

Controller mode is the instructor panel. It gives complete control over what connected trainee devices display. Every change transmits to all connected Samplers in real time.

Manual Sensor Sliders

Each sensor has a slider that sets its current reading. Drag to increase or decrease any value. Changes transmit to all connected trainees immediately — the Sampler display updates in real time.

Quick Scenarios

The Quick Scenarios panel provides 24 pre-configured multi-sensor snapshots. Tap any scenario name and all sensor values jump to match that incident pattern instantly. Each quick scenario includes the incident context and sensor rationale. Adjust individual sliders after loading to introduce cross-sensitivity noise, partial sensor failure, or mixture complexity.

Vapor-Density Tilt

The Controller automatically receives each trainee's reported sampling height and applies vapor-density tilt before transmitting. Heavier-than-air gases (H₂S, propane) read higher at Low Level; lighter-than-air gases (methane, hydrogen) read higher at Ceiling. Mid Level applies no tilt.

Trainee Status

The Controller screen shows each connected trainee's metering level badge and walking speed. Use metering level to verify trainees are sampling at the correct elevation. Use walking speed to assess procedural compliance with the floor-to-ceiling search protocol.

Best Practice: Resist loading clean, unambiguous scenarios for class. Add a small CO cross-response on the H₂S scenario, suppress a sensor, or drop O₂ while raising LEL. Realism comes from the noise operators encounter in the field. Use the Unknown Atmosphere Decision Matrix in the Meter Guide to build scenarios matching each of the 11 diagnostic patterns.

App Features

Connecting Devices

The app uses MultipeerConnectivity, which works over Wi-Fi and Bluetooth without requiring an internet connection or shared network credentials. Both devices must be nearby and have Wi-Fi or Bluetooth enabled.

How It Works

The Sampler begins advertising itself as soon as it opens. The Controller scans for nearby Samplers and displays them in a discovered-devices list. The instructor taps a discovered Sampler on the Controller screen to send a connection invitation — the Sampler then accepts automatically with no action needed from the trainee.

Single Device Mode

The default. The Controller connects to the first Sampler the instructor taps and stops browsing after that connection is established. Suitable for one-on-one scenarios or individual trainee practice with instructor observation.

Multiple Devices Mode

Switch to Multiple Devices before the first connection. The Controller continues browsing after each connection, allowing additional trainees to join. All connected trainees receive identical readings simultaneously. Each trainee's metering level and walking speed are tracked independently. Tap + Add Device at any time to allow a new Sampler to join a running session.

No Internet Required

MultipeerConnectivity works without an internet connection or shared network credentials. The app is fully functional at remote training sites, in the field, or on aircraft — for all features except Live Scenarios.

Sampler doesn't appear on Controller
Verify both devices have Bluetooth or Wi-Fi enabled and are within range. Ensure the Sampler app is open and in the foreground. If the device doesn't appear within 30 seconds, fully close and reopen both apps.
Connection drops mid-session
Backgrounding either app interrupts MultipeerConnectivity. Keep both devices in the foreground during a session. If connection is lost, the Controller will re-discover the Sampler once both apps return to foreground.
Repeated connection failures
Disable Airplane Mode on both devices. Toggle Bluetooth or Wi-Fi off and back on. If the issue persists, fully close and reopen both apps.
Instructor Tools

Training Library

The Training Library contains three reference and learning resources, all accessible without connecting to another device.

Meter Guide

A comprehensive technical reference for multi-gas meter interpretation. Organized into navigable sections building from foundational concepts through advanced field protocols — from pre-use preparation through mixture effects, vapor density stratification, and the 11-pattern Unknown Atmosphere Decision Matrix.

Sensor Training

Fourteen self-study modules covering every sensor type in a multi-gas instrument: LEL, O₂, H₂S, CO, HCN, PID, IR, SO₂, NH₃, Cl₂, NO₂, PH₃, CO₂, and O₃. Each module includes technical background, operational considerations, and a quiz. 84 quiz questions total across all modules. Pair each module with the matching Guided Scenario for the deepest learning loop.

Live Scenarios

Weekly scenarios drawn from verified real-world hazmat incidents. Each scenario presents the sensor readings from the actual event alongside operational context, teaching points, and response considerations. Updated on a subscription basis — requires an internet connection.

📖
Pre-Use Preparation
Fresh-air calibration, filter inspection, alarm setpoint verification.
⚗️
Five Critical Physical Properties
Vapor pressure, vapor density, flash point, LEL, and ionization potential — the properties that determine whether a substance will vaporize, where it will accumulate, when it ignites, and whether the PID can detect it.
📊
Sensor Coverage (O₂, LEL, CO, H₂S, PID)
How each sensor works, what influences its reading, cross-sensitivities, and diagnostic use.
⚠️
Exposure Standards & Action Levels
IDLH, PEL, REL, TLV, and ERPG/AEGL values for each metered gas. Why meter alarms are not entry criteria and how to apply thresholds to protection decisions.
⏱️
Response Time & Sensor Equilibration
T90 by sensor type, the 1-second-per-foot hose rule, minimum dwell time table, alarm latency, warm-up vs. T90, peak-hold function.
🔬
PID Response Factors
The RF formula, direction-of-error table, compound family tables for BTEX, chlorinated solvents, petroleum hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, and other hazardous compounds.
🗺️
Unknown Atmosphere Decision Matrix
7-phase field protocol from pre-entry intelligence through documentation. 11 sensor constellation pattern cards covering every major atmospheric signature.
🧪
Mixture & Synergistic Effects
LEL blending in mixed fuel atmospheres, CO+HCN fire synergy, H₂S+CO₂ sour gas amplification, modified flammable range in O₂-enriched atmospheres, reactive gas combinations.
↕️
Vapor Density & Atmospheric Stratification
Complete lighter-than-air gas table with detection gaps, floor-to-ceiling search protocol.

Recommended Reading Order: New users — read Five Critical Physical Properties and the five sensor sections before your first Guided Scenario. Experienced operators — jump directly to Exposure Standards, the Decision Matrix, or PID Response Factors as reference during planning or debrief.

Instructor Tools

Classroom Setup

For instructor-led sessions, the recommended setup is one device running Controller mode and one device per trainee running Sampler mode.

Before Class

Verify all devices have Wi-Fi or Bluetooth enabled. Open the Controller app first and select Multiple Devices mode before any trainees connect. Have trainees open the Sampler on their devices — it begins advertising immediately with no setup required. On the Controller, each discovered Sampler appears in the nearby-devices list. Tap each one to send a connection invitation. Confirm each trainee appears on the Controller's connected list before beginning.

During the Exercise

Use Quick Scenarios to establish a baseline pattern, then adjust individual sliders to introduce cross-sensitivity noise, vapor-density effects, or sensor ambiguity. Watch each trainee's metering level badge to verify they are sampling at the correct elevation for the gas type. The walking speed indicator shows whether a trainee is stationary or moving — use this to assess procedural compliance with the floor-to-ceiling search protocol.

Advanced Drills

To test the CO+HCN gap: set CO to an elevated value and remind trainees the PID cannot detect HCN — ask what additional information they need before making an entry decision. To test the O₂-deficient LEL gap: drop O₂ to 16% and raise the IR LEL channel; watch whether trainees recognize that the catalytic bead reading is no longer valid. Tap + Add Device at any time to add a late-arriving trainee.

Debrief

After an exercise, the Meter Guide sections serve as structured debrief references. The Exposure Standards section is useful for reviewing why a given reading required a specific protection decision. The Mixture Effects section supports debrief of fire atmosphere and sour gas scenarios. The Decision Matrix can be walked through to review the sensor constellation the exercise presented.

Instructor Tools

Tips for Getting the Most Out of the App

Read First, Then Run

Read the Five Critical Physical Properties and all five sensor sections in the Meter Guide before your first Guided Scenario. Understanding why each sensor behaves as it does makes the Stop and Think prompts significantly more meaningful.

Run Each Scenario Twice

First run: watch what the sensors do. Second run: apply the Unknown Atmosphere Decision Matrix phase by phase before revealing each answer. The second run is where real interpretive skill develops.

Absence Is Diagnostic

Pay as much attention to what is NOT reading as to what is. A flat PID alongside a positive LEL is often the most diagnostic clue in a scenario — it identifies a fuel the PID cannot see.

Look Up Exposure Thresholds

Before forming a protection decision, consult the Exposure Standards section in the Meter Guide. A meter alarm is not the same as an IDLH event. IDLH, PEL, and TLV values for each metered gas are in the guide.

Check Your LEL Sensor Technology

Identify your meter's LEL sensor technology before deploying to a hydrogen environment. The IR Sensor Technology section explains why an IR-only meter reads zero LEL in an explosive hydrogen atmosphere — a lethal gap in coverage.

Correct PID Readings

When the compound is known, apply the PID response factor before acting on the reading. The PID Response Factors section includes tables for BTEX, chlorinated solvents, alcohols, and other common field compounds. An uncorrected PID reading is not a concentration.

HCN in Every Structure Fire

In fire atmosphere scenarios and overhaul training, remember that HCN is produced in every modern structure fire. The Mixture Effects section covers CO+HCN synergy and why the standard meter gives no indication of HCN presence without a dedicated sensor channel.

Add Noise to Controller Scenarios

When using Controller mode for classroom exercises, resist loading a clean, unambiguous scenario. Add a small CO cross-response on the H₂S scenario, suppress a sensor, or drop O₂ while raising LEL. Realism comes from the noise operators encounter in the field.

Pair Sensor Training with Scenarios

Pair each Guided Scenario with the matching Sensor Training module for the deepest learning loop: study the sensor, run the scenario, review the debrief card.

Keep Apps in the Foreground

Keep both the Controller and Sampler in the foreground during connected exercises. Backgrounding either app may interrupt the MultipeerConnectivity session.

Works Fully Offline

The app does not require an internet connection for any feature except Live Scenarios. It is fully usable in the field, at remote training sites, or on aircraft.

Confirm Bump Test Before Deployment

Before each training deployment, confirm the bump test was performed and the calibration is current. The Bump Testing vs. Full Calibration section in the Meter Guide outlines when each is required and what documentation a confined space entry log needs.